Aminet 6/Aminet 6 - June 1995.iso/Aminet/docs/misc/wfbook93_texi.lha/texi/235.data

Text File | 1995-03-27 | 9.9 KB | 368 lines

@node Geography (Togo)
@section Geography (Togo)

@display

Location:
  Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean beween Benin and Ghana
Map references:
  Africa, Standard Time Zones of the World
Area:
 total area:
  56,790 km2
 land area:
  54,390 km2
 comparative area:
  slightly smaller than West Virginia
Land boundaries:
  total 1,647 km, Benin 644 km, Burkina 126 km, Ghana 877 km
Coastline:
  56 km
Maritime claims:
 exclusive economic zone:
  200 nm
 territorial sea:
  30 nm
International disputes:
  none
Climate:
  tropical; hot, humid in south; semiarid in north
Terrain:
  gently rolling savanna in north; central hills; southern plateau; low
  coastal plain with extensive lagoons and marshes
Natural resources:
  phosphates, limestone, marble
Land use:
 arable land:
  25%
 permanent crops:
  1%
 meadows and pastures:
  4%
 forest and woodland:
  28%
 other:
  42%
Irrigated land:
  70 km2 (1989 est.)
Environment:
  hot, dry harmattan wind can reduce visibility in north during winter; recent
  droughts affecting agriculture; deforestation



@end display

@node People (Togo)
@section People (Togo)

@display

Population:
  4,104,657 (July 1993 est.)
Population growth rate:
  3.61% (1993 est.)
Birth rate:
  47.87 births/1,000 population (1993 est.)
Death rate:
  11.8 deaths/1,000 population (1993 est.)
Net migration rate:
  0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1993 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
  91.3 deaths/1,000 live births (1993 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
 total population:
  56.46 years
 male:
  54.45 years  female:
  58.53 years (1993 est.)
Total fertility rate:
  6.96 children born/woman (1993 est.)
Nationality:
 noun:
  Togolese (singular and plural)
 adjective:
  Togolese
Ethnic divisions:
  37 tribes; largest and most important are Ewe, Mina, and Kabye, European and
  Syrian-Lebanese under 1%
Religions:
  indigenous beliefs 70%, Christian 20%, Muslim 10%
Languages:
  French (official and the language of commerce), Ewe (one of the two major
  African languages in the south), Mina (one of the two major African
  languages in the south), Dagomba (one of the two major African languages in
  the north), Kabye (one of the two major African languages in the north)
Literacy:
  age 15 and over can read and write (1990)
 total population:
  43%
 male:
  56%
 female:
  31%
Labor force:
  NA
 by occupation:
  agriculture 78%, industry 22%
 note:
  about 88,600 wage earners, evenly divided between public and private
  sectors; 50% of population of working age (1985)



@end display

@node Government (Togo)
@section Government (Togo)

@display

Names:
 conventional long form:
  Republic of Togo
 conventional short form:
  Togo
 local long form:
  Republique Togolaise
 local short form:
  none
 former:
  French Togo
Digraph:
  TO
Type:
  republic under transition to multiparty democratic rule
Capital:
  Lome
Administrative divisions:
  21 circumscriptions (circonscriptions, singular - circonscription); Amlame
  (Amou), Aneho (Lacs), Atakpame (Ogou), Badou (Wawa), Bafilo (Assoli), Bassar
  (Bassari), Dapango (Tone), Kande (Keran), Klouto (Kloto), Pagouda (Binah),
  Lama-Kara (Kozah), Lome (Golfe), Mango (Oti), Niamtougou (Doufelgou), Notse
  (Haho), Pagouda, Sotouboua, Tabligbo (Yoto), Tchamba, Nyala, Tchaoudjo,
  Tsevie (Zio), Vogan (Vo)
 note:
  the 21 units may now be called prefectures (prefectures, singular -
  prefecture) and reported name changes for individual units are included in
  parentheses
Independence:
  27 April 1960 (from UN trusteeship under French administration)
Constitution:
  1980 constitution nullified during national reform conference; transition
  constitution adopted 24 August 1991; multiparty draft constitution sent to
  High Council of the Republic for approval in November 1991; adopted by
  public referendum September 1992
Legal system:
  French-based court system
National holiday:
  Independence Day, 27 April (1960)
Political parties and leaders:
  Rally of the Togolese People (RPT) led by President EYADEMA was the only
  party until the formation of multiple parties was legalized 12 April 1991;
  transition regime in place since August 1991
Suffrage:
  universal adult at age NA
Elections:
 President:
  last held 21 December 1986 (next to be held 1993); results - Gen. EYADEMA
  was reelected without opposition
 National Assembly:
  last held 4 March 1990; dissolved during national reform conference (next to
  be held 1993); results - RPT was the only party; seats - (77 total) RPT 77;
  interim legislative High Council of the Republic (HCR) in place since August
  1991
Executive branch:
  president, prime minister, Council of Ministers (cabinet)



@end display

@node Government (Togo 2. usage)
@section Government (Togo 2. usage)

@display

Legislative branch:
  National Assembly dissolved during national reform conference; 79-member
  interim High Council for the Republic (HCR) formed to act as legislature
  during transition to multiparty democracy; legislative elections scheduled
  to be held in 1993
Judicial branch:
  Court of Appeal (Cour d'Appel), Supreme Court (Cour Supreme)
Leaders:
 Chief of State:
  President Gen. Gnassingbe EYADEMA (since 14 April 1967)
 Head of Government:
  interim Prime Minister Joseph Kokou KOFFIGOH (since 28 August 1991)
Member of:
  ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CCC, CEAO (observer), ECA, ECOWAS, Entente, FAO, FZ, G-77,
  GATT, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL,
  IOC, ITU, LORCS, NAM, OAU, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WADB, WCL, WHO,
  WIPO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic representation in US:
 chief of mission:
  Ambassador Ellom-Kodjo SCHUPPIUS
 chancery:
  2208 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008
 telephone:
  [phone] or 4213
US diplomatic representation:
 chief of mission:
  Ambassador Harmon E. KIRBY
 embassy:
  Rue Pelletier Caventou and Rue Vauban, Lome
 mailing address:
  B. P. 852, Lome
 telephone:
  [228] 21-29-91 through 94 and 21-77-17
 FAX:
  [228] 21-79-52
Flag:
  five equal horizontal bands of green (top and bottom) alternating with
  yellow; there is a white five-pointed star on a red square in the upper
  hoist-side corner; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia



@end display

@node Economy (Togo)
@section Economy (Togo)

@display

Overview:
  The economy is heavily dependent on subsistence agriculture, which accounts
  for about 33% of GDP and provides employment for 78% of the labor force.
  Primary agricultural exports are cocoa, coffee, and cotton, which together
  account for about 30% of total export earnings. Togo is self-sufficient in
  basic foodstuffs when harvests are normal. In the industrial sector
  phosphate mining is by far the most important activity, with phosphate
  exports accounting for about 40% of total foreign exchange earnings. Togo
  serves as a regional commercial and trade center. The government, over the
  past decade, with IMF and World Bank support, has been implementing a number
  of economic reform measures to encourage foreign investment and bring
  revenues in line with expenditures. Political unrest, including private and
  public sector strikes throughout 1991 and 1992, has jeopardized the reform
  program and has disrupted vital economic activity.
National product:
  GDP - exchange rate conversion - $1.5 billion (1991 est.)
National product real growth rate:
  0% (1991 est.)
National product per capita:
  $400 (1991 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
  0.5% (1991 est.)
Unemployment rate:
  2% (1987)
Budget:
  revenues $284.8 million; expenditures $407 million, including capital
  expenditures of $NA (1991 est.)
Exports:
  $512 million (f.o.b., 1991 est.)
 commodities:
  phosphates, cotton, cocoa, coffee
 partners:
  EC 40%, Africa 16%, US 1% (1990)
Imports:
  $583 million (f.o.b., 1991 est.)
 commodities:
  machinery and equipment, consumer goods, food, chemical products
 partners:
  EC 57%, Africa 17%, US 5%, Japan 4% (1990)
External debt:
  $1.3 billion (1991)
Industrial production:
  growth rate 9.0% (1991 est.); accounts for 20% of GDP
Electricity:
  179,000 kW capacity; 209 million kWh produced, 60 kWh per capita (1990)
Industries:
  phosphate mining, agricultural processing, cement, handicrafts, textiles,
  beverages
Agriculture:
  accounts for 33% of GDP; cash crops - coffee, cocoa, cotton; food crops -
  yams, cassava, corn, beans, rice, millet, sorghum; livestock production not
  significant; annual fish catch, 10,000-14,000 tons
Economic aid:
  US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-90), $142 million; Western (non-US)
  countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-90), $2 billion; OPEC
  bilateral aid (1979-89), $35 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $51
  million
Currency:
  1 CFA franc (CFAF) = 100 centimes



@end display

@node Economy (Togo 2. usage)
@section Economy (Togo 2. usage)

@display

Exchange rates:
  Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (CFAF) per US$1 - 274.06 (January
  1993), 264.69 (1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26 (1990), 319.01 (1989), 297.85
  (1988)
Fiscal year:
  calendar year



@end display

@node Communications (Togo)
@section Communications (Togo)

@display

Railroads:
  570 km 1.000-meter gauge, single track
Highways:
  6,462 km total; 1,762 km paved; 4,700 km unimproved roads
Inland waterways:   50 km Mono River
Ports:
  Lome, Kpeme (phosphate port)
Merchant marine:
  2 roll-on/roll-off ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 11,118 GRT/20,529 DWT
Airports:
 total:
  9
 usable:
  9
 with permanent-surface runways:
  2
 with runways over 3,659 m:
  0
 with runways 2,440-3,659 m:
  2
 with runways 1,220-2,439 m:
  0
Telecommunications:
  fair system based on network of radio relay routes supplemented by open wire
  lines; broadcast stations - 2 AM, no FM, 3 (2 relays) TV; satellite earth
  stations - 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT and 1 SYMPHONIE



@end display

@node Defense Forces (Togo)
@section Defense Forces (Togo)

@display

Branches:
  Army, Navy, Air Force, Gendarmerie
Manpower availability:
  males age 15-49 862,427; fit for military service 452,974 (1993 est.); no
  conscription
Defense expenditures:
  exchange rate conversion - $43 million, about 3% of GDP (1989)



@end display